Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is a destructive thyroiditis which is presumably caused by a viral infections or post-viral inflammatory response. Thyroid dysfunction evolves through a set of stages (hyperthyroidism - hypothyroidism - euthyroidism) and is usually temporary, although some patients may develop permanent hypothyroidism. The risk factors for permanent hypothyroidism remain unclear.Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with SAT...

Background: Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) is a rare thyroid tumor that accounts for only 5% of thyroid malignancies, but is associated with higher mortality than differentiated thyroid cancer. The major risk factor for thyroid lymphoma is the presence of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) with an estimated 60-fold increased risk. The lymphocytic infiltrate in HT appears to develop into lymphoma in a minority of patients. The differential diagnosis between Hashimoto’s thyr...

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of advanced malignancies. These monoclonal antibodies target cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or its ligand (PD-L1). Endocrine side effects are common, and while hypophysitis and thyroid disorders are predominant, checkpoint-blockade associated diabetes mellitus deserves further notice.Methods: We present the case of a 61-year old male wi...

Background: Monoclonal antibodies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 are promising for a wide range of advanced malignacies. These immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) provoke endocrine adverse events including hypopituitarism and primary thyroid disease.Methods: PubMed was searched through August 22nd, 2017, for relevant articles on endocrinopathies and ICI, by two reviewers independently (J.d.F. and C.A.). The weighted incidence and odds-ratio were estimate...